Yintoni i-electrocardiogram?

I-membrane yeseli ye-myocardial yinwebu ene-semi-permeable.Xa uphumla, inani elithile le-cations elihlawulwe kakuhle lilungiselelwe ngaphandle kwe-membrane.Inani elifanayo le-anion elihlawulweyo elibi lilungelelaniswe kwi-membrane, kwaye amandla angaphezulu kwe-membrane aphezulu kune-membrane, ebizwa ngokuba yi-polarization state.Ekuphumleni, i-cardiomyocytes kwindawo nganye yentliziyo ikwimeko ye-polarized, kwaye akukho ntlukwano enokwenzeka.Ijika elinokubakho elilandelwa ngumshicileli wangoku lithe tye, elingumgca we-equipotential we-surface electrocardiogram.Xa i-cardiomyocytes ikhuthazwa ngamandla athile, ukunyanzeliswa kwe-membrane yeseli utshintsho kunye nenani elikhulu le-cations lingena kwi-membrane ngexesha elifutshane, ukwenzela ukuba amandla angaphakathi kwi-membrane atshintshe ukusuka kwi-negative ukuya kwi-negative.Le nkqubo ibizwa ngokuba yi-depolarization.Kuyo yonke intliziyo, utshintsho olunokwenzeka lwe-cardiomyocytes ukusuka kwi-endocardial ukuya kwi-epicardial sequence depolarization, ijika elinokubakho elilandelwa yirekhoda yangoku ibizwa ngokuba yi-depolarization wave, oko kukuthi, i-P wave kunye ne-ventricle ye-atrium kumphezulu we-electrocardiogram QRS wave.Emva kokuba iseli isuswe ngokupheleleyo, i-membrane yeseli ikhupha inani elikhulu le-cations, ebangela ukuba amandla kwi-membrane atshintshe ukusuka kwi-positive ukuya kwi-negative kwaye abuyele kwimeko yokuqala ye-polarization.Le nkqubo yenziwa yi-epicardium kwi-endocardium, ebizwa ngokuba yi-repolarization.Ngokufanayo, utshintsho olunokwenzeka ngexesha lokubuyisela kwakhona i-cardiomyocytes ichazwa yirekhoda yangoku njenge-wave polar.Ekubeni inkqubo ye-repolarization ihamba kancinci, i-wave ye-repolarization iphantsi kune-wave ye-depolarization.I-electrocardiogram ye-atrium iphantsi kwi-wave ye-atrial kwaye ingcwatywe kwi-ventricle.I-polar wave ye-ventricle ibonakala njenge-T wave kumphezulu we-electrocardiogram.Emva kokuba yonke i-cardiomyocytes ihlaziywe, i-polarization state yabuyiselwa kwakhona.Kwakungekho nantlukwano enokubakho phakathi kweeseli ze-myocardial kwindawo nganye, kwaye i-electrocardiogram yomhlaba yabhalwa kumgca we-equipotential.

Intliziyo sisakhiwo esinemigangatho emithathu.Ukuze ubonise umsebenzi wombane weendawo ezahlukeneyo zentliziyo, i-electrodes ifakwe kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo zomzimba ukuze irekhode kwaye ibonise umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo.Kwi-electrocardiography yesiqhelo, kuphela ii-electrode ze-4 ze-lead lead kunye ne-V1 ukuya kwi-V66 i-thoracic lead electrodes zivame ukubekwa, kwaye i-electrocardiogram ye-12 ehamba phambili irekhodwa.Isikhokelo esahlukileyo senziwe phakathi kwee-electrode ezimbini okanye phakathi kwe-electrode kunye nesiphelo esisembindini esinokubakho kwaye siqhagamshelwe kwizibonda ezilungileyo nezingalunganga ze-electrocardiograph galvanometer ngocingo olukhokelayo ukurekhoda umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo.I-bipolar lead yenziwa phakathi kwee-electrode ezimbini, enye ilothe ibe yipali evumayo kwaye enye ibe yipali engalunganga.Izikhokelo ze-Bipolar ziquka i-I lead, i-II ekhokelayo kunye ne-III ehamba phambili;i-monopolar lead yenziwa phakathi kwe-electrode kunye nesiphelo esisembindini esinokubakho, apho i-electrode yokubona iyipali evumayo kwaye isiphelo esisembindini esinokubakho sisibonda esibi.Isiphelo sombane esisembindini nguMahluko onokubakho orekhodwe kwi-electrode engeyiyo incinci kakhulu, ngoko ke i-electrode ekhabayo isisithako sesambuku samandla okukhokela amanye amalungu amabini ngaphandle kweprobe electrode.

I-electrocardiogram irekhoda ijika lombane ngokuhamba kwexesha.I-electrocardiogram irekhodwa kwiphepha lokulungelelanisa, kwaye iphepha lokulungelelanisa liqulunqwe ngamaseli amancinci angama-1 mm ububanzi kunye no-1 mm ubude.I-abscissa imele ixesha kwaye i-ordination imele i-voltage.Ngokuqhelekileyo irekhodwe ngesantya sephepha le-25mm / s, i-1 igridi encinci = 1mm = imizuzwana ye-0.04.I-voltage edibeneyo yi-1 igridi encinci = 1 mm = 0.1 mv.Iindlela zokulinganisa i-axis ye-electrocardiogram ikakhulu ibandakanya indlela yokubonwayo, indlela yokwenza imephu, kunye nendlela yokujonga itafile.Intliziyo ivelisa iintlobo ezininzi ze-galvanic vector vectors kwinkqubo ye-depolarization kunye ne-repolarization.I-galvanic couple vectors in different directions zidibaniswe kwi-vector ukwenza i-ECG ye-vector edibeneyo yentliziyo yonke.Ivektha yentliziyo yivektha enamacala amathathu aneendiza zangaphambili, zesagittal, nezithe tye.Ngokuqhelekileyo isetyenziswa eklinikhi isalathiso se-vector inxalenye eqikelelweyo kwinqwelomoya yangaphambili ngexesha lokuchithwa kwe-ventricular.Uncedo lokufumanisa ukuba umsebenzi wombane wentliziyo uqhelekile.